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<?php
// error_reporting(E_ALL); ini_set('display_errors', 1); // uncomment this line for debugging
/** * Project: PHPWavUtils: Classes for creating, reading, and manipulating WAV files in PHP<br /> * File: WavFile.php<br /> * * Copyright (c) 2014, Drew Phillips * All rights reserved. * * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without modification, * are permitted provided that the following conditions are met: * * - Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright notice, * this list of conditions and the following disclaimer. * - Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright notice, * this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the documentation * and/or other materials provided with the distribution. * * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS "AS IS" * AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE * ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT HOLDER OR CONTRIBUTORS BE * LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR * CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF * SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS * INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN * CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) * ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE * POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE. * * Any modifications to the library should be indicated clearly in the source code * to inform users that the changes are not a part of the original software.<br /><br /> * * @copyright 2014 Drew Phillips * @author Drew Phillips <drew@drew-phillips.com> * @author Paul Voegler <http://www.voegler.eu/> * @version 1.1.1 (Sep 2015) * @package PHPWavUtils * @license BSD License * * Changelog: * 1.1.1 (09/08/2015) * - Fix degrade() method to call filter correctly (Rasmus Lerdorf) * * 1.1 (02/8/2014) * - Add method setIgnoreChunkSizes() to allow reading of wav data with bogus chunk sizes set. * This allows streamed wav data to be processed where the chunk sizes were not known when * writing the header. Instead calculates the chunk sizes automatically. * - Add simple volume filter to attenuate or amplify the audio signal. * * 1.0 (10/2/2012) * - Fix insertSilence() creating invalid block size * * 1.0 RC1 (4/20/2012) * - Initial release candidate * - Supports 8, 16, 24, 32 bit PCM, 32-bit IEEE FLOAT, Extensible Format * - Support for 18 channels of audio * - Ability to read an offset from a file to reduce memory footprint with large files * - Single-pass audio filter processing * - Highly accurate and efficient mix and normalization filters (http://www.voegler.eu/pub/audio/) * - Utility filters for degrading audio, and inserting silence * * 0.6 (4/12/2012) * - Support 8, 16, 24, 32 bit and PCM float (Paul Voegler) * - Add normalize filter, misc improvements and fixes (Paul Voegler) * - Normalize parameters to filter() to use filter constants as array indices * - Add option to mix filter to loop the target file if the source is longer * * 0.5 (4/3/2012) * - Fix binary pack routine (Paul Voegler) * - Add improved mixing function (Paul Voegler) * */
class WavFile { /*%******************************************************************************************%*/ // Class constants
/** @var int Filter flag for mixing two files */ const FILTER_MIX = 0x01;
/** @var int Filter flag for normalizing audio data */ const FILTER_NORMALIZE = 0x02;
/** @var int Filter flag for degrading audio data */ const FILTER_DEGRADE = 0x04;
/** @var int Filter flag for amplifying or attenuating audio data. */ const FILTER_VOLUME = 0x08;
/** @var int Maximum number of channels */ const MAX_CHANNEL = 18;
/** @var int Maximum sample rate */ const MAX_SAMPLERATE = 192000;
/** Channel Locations for ChannelMask */ const SPEAKER_DEFAULT = 0x000000; const SPEAKER_FRONT_LEFT = 0x000001; const SPEAKER_FRONT_RIGHT = 0x000002; const SPEAKER_FRONT_CENTER = 0x000004; const SPEAKER_LOW_FREQUENCY = 0x000008; const SPEAKER_BACK_LEFT = 0x000010; const SPEAKER_BACK_RIGHT = 0x000020; const SPEAKER_FRONT_LEFT_OF_CENTER = 0x000040; const SPEAKER_FRONT_RIGHT_OF_CENTER = 0x000080; const SPEAKER_BACK_CENTER = 0x000100; const SPEAKER_SIDE_LEFT = 0x000200; const SPEAKER_SIDE_RIGHT = 0x000400; const SPEAKER_TOP_CENTER = 0x000800; const SPEAKER_TOP_FRONT_LEFT = 0x001000; const SPEAKER_TOP_FRONT_CENTER = 0x002000; const SPEAKER_TOP_FRONT_RIGHT = 0x004000; const SPEAKER_TOP_BACK_LEFT = 0x008000; const SPEAKER_TOP_BACK_CENTER = 0x010000; const SPEAKER_TOP_BACK_RIGHT = 0x020000; const SPEAKER_ALL = 0x03FFFF;
/** @var int PCM Audio Format */ const WAVE_FORMAT_PCM = 0x0001;
/** @var int IEEE FLOAT Audio Format */ const WAVE_FORMAT_IEEE_FLOAT = 0x0003;
/** @var int EXTENSIBLE Audio Format - actual audio format defined by SubFormat */ const WAVE_FORMAT_EXTENSIBLE = 0xFFFE;
/** @var string PCM Audio Format SubType - LE hex representation of GUID {00000001-0000-0010-8000-00AA00389B71} */ const WAVE_SUBFORMAT_PCM = "0100000000001000800000aa00389b71";
/** @var string IEEE FLOAT Audio Format SubType - LE hex representation of GUID {00000003-0000-0010-8000-00AA00389B71} */ const WAVE_SUBFORMAT_IEEE_FLOAT = "0300000000001000800000aa00389b71";
/*%******************************************************************************************%*/ // Properties
/** @var array Log base modifier lookup table for a given threshold (in 0.05 steps) used by normalizeSample. * Adjusts the slope (1st derivative) of the log function at the threshold to 1 for a smooth transition * from linear to logarithmic amplitude output. */ protected static $LOOKUP_LOGBASE = array( 2.513, 2.667, 2.841, 3.038, 3.262, 3.520, 3.819, 4.171, 4.589, 5.093, 5.711, 6.487, 7.483, 8.806, 10.634, 13.302, 17.510, 24.970, 41.155, 96.088 );
/** @var int The actual physical file size */ protected $_actualSize;
/** @var int The size of the file in RIFF header */ protected $_chunkSize;
/** @var int The size of the "fmt " chunk */ protected $_fmtChunkSize;
/** @var int The size of the extended "fmt " data */ protected $_fmtExtendedSize;
/** @var int The size of the "fact" chunk */ protected $_factChunkSize;
/** @var int Size of the data chunk */ protected $_dataSize;
/** @var int Size of the data chunk in the opened wav file */ protected $_dataSize_fp;
/** @var bool Does _dataSize really reflect strlen($_samples)? Case when a wav file is read with readData = false */ protected $_dataSize_valid;
/** @var int Starting offset of data chunk */ protected $_dataOffset;
/** @var int The audio format - WavFile::WAVE_FORMAT_* */ protected $_audioFormat;
/** @var int|string|null The audio subformat - WavFile::WAVE_SUBFORMAT_* */ protected $_audioSubFormat;
/** @var int Number of channels in the audio file */ protected $_numChannels;
/** @var int The channel mask */ protected $_channelMask;
/** @var int Samples per second */ protected $_sampleRate;
/** @var int Number of bits per sample */ protected $_bitsPerSample;
/** @var int Number of valid bits per sample */ protected $_validBitsPerSample;
/** @var int NumChannels * BitsPerSample/8 */ protected $_blockAlign;
/** @var int Number of sample blocks */ protected $_numBlocks;
/** @var int Bytes per second */ protected $_byteRate;
/** @var bool Ignore chunk sizes when reading wav data (useful when reading data from a stream where chunk sizes contain dummy values) */ protected $_ignoreChunkSizes;
/** @var string Binary string of samples */ protected $_samples;
/** @var resource|null The file pointer used for reading wavs from file or memory */ protected $_fp;
/*%******************************************************************************************%*/ // Special methods
/** * WavFile Constructor. * * <code> * $wav1 = new WavFile(2, 44100, 16); // new wav with 2 channels, at 44100 samples/sec and 16 bits per sample * $wav2 = new WavFile('./audio/sound.wav'); // open and read wav file * </code> * * @param string|int $numChannelsOrFileName (Optional) If string, the filename of the wav file to open. The number of channels otherwise. Defaults to 1. * @param int|bool $sampleRateOrReadData (Optional) If opening a file and boolean, decides whether to read the data chunk or not. Defaults to true. The sample rate in samples per second otherwise. 8000 = standard telephone, 16000 = wideband telephone, 32000 = FM radio and 44100 = CD quality. Defaults to 8000. * @param int $bitsPerSample (Optional) The number of bits per sample. Has to be 8, 16 or 24 for PCM audio or 32 for IEEE FLOAT audio. 8 = telephone, 16 = CD and 24 or 32 = studio quality. Defaults to 8. * @throws WavFormatException * @throws WavFileException */ public function __construct($numChannelsOrFileName = null, $sampleRateOrReadData = null, $bitsPerSample = null) { $this->_actualSize = 44; $this->_chunkSize = 36; $this->_fmtChunkSize = 16; $this->_fmtExtendedSize = 0; $this->_factChunkSize = 0; $this->_dataSize = 0; $this->_dataSize_fp = 0; $this->_dataSize_valid = true; $this->_dataOffset = 44; $this->_audioFormat = self::WAVE_FORMAT_PCM; $this->_audioSubFormat = null; $this->_numChannels = 1; $this->_channelMask = self::SPEAKER_DEFAULT; $this->_sampleRate = 8000; $this->_bitsPerSample = 8; $this->_validBitsPerSample = 8; $this->_blockAlign = 1; $this->_numBlocks = 0; $this->_byteRate = 8000; $this->_ignoreChunkSizes = false; $this->_samples = ''; $this->_fp = null;
if (is_string($numChannelsOrFileName)) { $this->openWav($numChannelsOrFileName, is_bool($sampleRateOrReadData) ? $sampleRateOrReadData : true);
} else { $this->setNumChannels(is_null($numChannelsOrFileName) ? 1 : $numChannelsOrFileName) ->setSampleRate(is_null($sampleRateOrReadData) ? 8000 : $sampleRateOrReadData) ->setBitsPerSample(is_null($bitsPerSample) ? 8 : $bitsPerSample); } }
public function __destruct() { if (is_resource($this->_fp)) $this->closeWav(); }
public function __clone() { $this->_fp = null; }
/** * Output the wav file headers and data. * * @return string The encoded file. */ public function __toString() { return $this->makeHeader() . $this->getDataSubchunk(); }
/*%******************************************************************************************%*/ // Static methods
/** * Unpacks a single binary sample to numeric value. * * @param string $sampleBinary (Required) The sample to decode. * @param int $bitDepth (Optional) The bits per sample to decode. If omitted, derives it from the length of $sampleBinary. * @return int|float|null The numeric sample value. Float for 32-bit samples. Returns null for unsupported bit depths. */ public static function unpackSample($sampleBinary, $bitDepth = null) { if ($bitDepth === null) { $bitDepth = strlen($sampleBinary) * 8; }
switch ($bitDepth) { case 8: // unsigned char return ord($sampleBinary);
case 16: // signed short, little endian $data = unpack('v', $sampleBinary); $sample = $data[1]; if ($sample >= 0x8000) { $sample -= 0x10000; } return $sample;
case 24: // 3 byte packed signed integer, little endian $data = unpack('C3', $sampleBinary); $sample = $data[1] | ($data[2] << 8) | ($data[3] << 16); if ($sample >= 0x800000) { $sample -= 0x1000000; } return $sample;
case 32: // 32-bit float $data = unpack('f', $sampleBinary); return $data[1];
default: return null; } }
/** * Packs a single numeric sample to binary. * * @param int|float $sample (Required) The sample to encode. Has to be within valid range for $bitDepth. Float values only for 32 bits. * @param int $bitDepth (Required) The bits per sample to encode with. * @return string|null The encoded binary sample. Returns null for unsupported bit depths. */ public static function packSample($sample, $bitDepth) { switch ($bitDepth) { case 8: // unsigned char return chr($sample);
case 16: // signed short, little endian if ($sample < 0) { $sample += 0x10000; } return pack('v', $sample);
case 24: // 3 byte packed signed integer, little endian if ($sample < 0) { $sample += 0x1000000; } return pack('C3', $sample & 0xff, ($sample >> 8) & 0xff, ($sample >> 16) & 0xff);
case 32: // 32-bit float return pack('f', $sample);
default: return null; } }
/** * Unpacks a binary sample block to numeric values. * * @param string $sampleBlock (Required) The binary sample block (all channels). * @param int $bitDepth (Required) The bits per sample to decode. * @param int $numChannels (Optional) The number of channels to decode. If omitted, derives it from the length of $sampleBlock and $bitDepth. * @return array The sample values as an array of integers of floats for 32 bits. First channel is array index 1. */ public static function unpackSampleBlock($sampleBlock, $bitDepth, $numChannels = null) { $sampleBytes = $bitDepth / 8; if ($numChannels === null) { $numChannels = strlen($sampleBlock) / $sampleBytes; }
$samples = array(); for ($i = 0; $i < $numChannels; $i++) { $sampleBinary = substr($sampleBlock, $i * $sampleBytes, $sampleBytes); $samples[$i + 1] = self::unpackSample($sampleBinary, $bitDepth); }
return $samples; }
/** * Packs an array of numeric channel samples to a binary sample block. * * @param array $samples (Required) The array of channel sample values. Expects float values for 32 bits and integer otherwise. * @param int $bitDepth (Required) The bits per sample to encode with. * @return string The encoded binary sample block. */ public static function packSampleBlock($samples, $bitDepth) { $sampleBlock = ''; foreach($samples as $sample) { $sampleBlock .= self::packSample($sample, $bitDepth); }
return $sampleBlock; }
/** * Normalizes a float audio sample. Maximum input range assumed for compression is [-2, 2]. * See http://www.voegler.eu/pub/audio/ for more information. * * @param float $sampleFloat (Required) The float sample to normalize. * @param float $threshold (Required) The threshold or gain factor for normalizing the amplitude. <ul> * <li> >= 1 - Normalize by multiplying by the threshold (boost - positive gain). <br /> * A value of 1 in effect means no normalization (and results in clipping). </li> * <li> <= -1 - Normalize by dividing by the the absolute value of threshold (attenuate - negative gain). <br /> * A factor of 2 (-2) is about 6dB reduction in volume.</li> * <li> [0, 1) - (open inverval - not including 1) - The threshold * above which amplitudes are comressed logarithmically. <br /> * e.g. 0.6 to leave amplitudes up to 60% "as is" and compress above. </li> * <li> (-1, 0) - (open inverval - not including -1 and 0) - The threshold * above which amplitudes are comressed linearly. <br /> * e.g. -0.6 to leave amplitudes up to 60% "as is" and compress above. </li></ul> * @return float The normalized sample. **/ public static function normalizeSample($sampleFloat, $threshold) { // apply positive gain if ($threshold >= 1) { return $sampleFloat * $threshold; }
// apply negative gain if ($threshold <= -1) { return $sampleFloat / -$threshold; }
$sign = $sampleFloat < 0 ? -1 : 1; $sampleAbs = abs($sampleFloat);
// logarithmic compression if ($threshold >= 0 && $threshold < 1 && $sampleAbs > $threshold) { $loga = self::$LOOKUP_LOGBASE[(int)($threshold * 20)]; // log base modifier return $sign * ($threshold + (1 - $threshold) * log(1 + $loga * ($sampleAbs - $threshold) / (2 - $threshold)) / log(1 + $loga)); }
// linear compression $thresholdAbs = abs($threshold); if ($threshold > -1 && $threshold < 0 && $sampleAbs > $thresholdAbs) { return $sign * ($thresholdAbs + (1 - $thresholdAbs) / (2 - $thresholdAbs) * ($sampleAbs - $thresholdAbs)); }
// else ? return $sampleFloat; }
/*%******************************************************************************************%*/ // Getter and Setter methods for properties
public function getActualSize() { return $this->_actualSize; }
/** @param int $actualSize */ protected function setActualSize($actualSize = null) { if (is_null($actualSize)) { $this->_actualSize = 8 + $this->_chunkSize; // + "RIFF" header (ID + size) } else { $this->_actualSize = $actualSize; }
return $this; }
public function getChunkSize() { return $this->_chunkSize; }
/** @param int $chunkSize */ protected function setChunkSize($chunkSize = null) { if (is_null($chunkSize)) { $this->_chunkSize = 4 + // "WAVE" chunk 8 + $this->_fmtChunkSize + // "fmt " subchunk ($this->_factChunkSize > 0 ? 8 + $this->_factChunkSize : 0) + // "fact" subchunk 8 + $this->_dataSize + // "data" subchunk ($this->_dataSize & 1); // padding byte } else { $this->_chunkSize = $chunkSize; }
$this->setActualSize();
return $this; }
public function getFmtChunkSize() { return $this->_fmtChunkSize; }
/** @param int $fmtChunkSize */ protected function setFmtChunkSize($fmtChunkSize = null) { if (is_null($fmtChunkSize)) { $this->_fmtChunkSize = 16 + $this->_fmtExtendedSize; } else { $this->_fmtChunkSize = $fmtChunkSize; }
$this->setChunkSize() // implicit setActualSize() ->setDataOffset();
return $this; }
public function getFmtExtendedSize() { return $this->_fmtExtendedSize; }
/** @param int $fmtExtendedSize */ protected function setFmtExtendedSize($fmtExtendedSize = null) { if (is_null($fmtExtendedSize)) { if ($this->_audioFormat == self::WAVE_FORMAT_EXTENSIBLE) { $this->_fmtExtendedSize = 2 + 22; // extension size for WAVE_FORMAT_EXTENSIBLE } elseif ($this->_audioFormat != self::WAVE_FORMAT_PCM) { $this->_fmtExtendedSize = 2 + 0; // empty extension } else { $this->_fmtExtendedSize = 0; // no extension, only for WAVE_FORMAT_PCM } } else { $this->_fmtExtendedSize = $fmtExtendedSize; }
$this->setFmtChunkSize(); // implicit setSize(), setActualSize(), setDataOffset()
return $this; }
public function getFactChunkSize() { return $this->_factChunkSize; }
/** @param int $factChunkSize */ protected function setFactChunkSize($factChunkSize = null) { if (is_null($factChunkSize)) { if ($this->_audioFormat != self::WAVE_FORMAT_PCM) { $this->_factChunkSize = 4; } else { $this->_factChunkSize = 0; } } else { $this->_factChunkSize = $factChunkSize; }
$this->setChunkSize() // implicit setActualSize() ->setDataOffset();
return $this; }
public function getDataSize() { return $this->_dataSize; }
/** @param int $dataSize */ protected function setDataSize($dataSize = null) { if (is_null($dataSize)) { $this->_dataSize = strlen($this->_samples); } else { $this->_dataSize = $dataSize; }
$this->setChunkSize() // implicit setActualSize() ->setNumBlocks(); $this->_dataSize_valid = true;
return $this; }
public function getDataOffset() { return $this->_dataOffset; }
/** @param int $dataOffset */ protected function setDataOffset($dataOffset = null) { if (is_null($dataOffset)) { $this->_dataOffset = 8 + // "RIFF" header (ID + size) 4 + // "WAVE" chunk 8 + $this->_fmtChunkSize + // "fmt " subchunk ($this->_factChunkSize > 0 ? 8 + $this->_factChunkSize : 0) + // "fact" subchunk 8; // "data" subchunk } else { $this->_dataOffset = $dataOffset; }
return $this; }
public function getAudioFormat() { return $this->_audioFormat; }
/** @param int $audioFormat */ protected function setAudioFormat($audioFormat = null) { if (is_null($audioFormat)) { if (($this->_bitsPerSample <= 16 || $this->_bitsPerSample == 32) && $this->_validBitsPerSample == $this->_bitsPerSample && $this->_channelMask == self::SPEAKER_DEFAULT && $this->_numChannels <= 2) { if ($this->_bitsPerSample <= 16) { $this->_audioFormat = self::WAVE_FORMAT_PCM; } else { $this->_audioFormat = self::WAVE_FORMAT_IEEE_FLOAT; } } else { $this->_audioFormat = self::WAVE_FORMAT_EXTENSIBLE; } } else { $this->_audioFormat = $audioFormat; }
$this->setAudioSubFormat() ->setFactChunkSize() // implicit setSize(), setActualSize(), setDataOffset() ->setFmtExtendedSize(); // implicit setFmtChunkSize(), setSize(), setActualSize(), setDataOffset()
return $this; }
public function getAudioSubFormat() { return $this->_audioSubFormat; }
/** @param int $audioSubFormat */ protected function setAudioSubFormat($audioSubFormat = null) { if (is_null($audioSubFormat)) { if ($this->_bitsPerSample == 32) { $this->_audioSubFormat = self::WAVE_SUBFORMAT_IEEE_FLOAT; // 32 bits are IEEE FLOAT in this class } else { $this->_audioSubFormat = self::WAVE_SUBFORMAT_PCM; // 8, 16 and 24 bits are PCM in this class } } else { $this->_audioSubFormat = $audioSubFormat; }
return $this; }
public function getNumChannels() { return $this->_numChannels; }
/** @param int $numChannels */ public function setNumChannels($numChannels) { if ($numChannels < 1 || $numChannels > self::MAX_CHANNEL) { throw new WavFileException('Unsupported number of channels. Only up to ' . self::MAX_CHANNEL . ' channels are supported.'); } elseif ($this->_samples !== '') { trigger_error('Wav already has sample data. Changing the number of channels does not convert and may corrupt the data.', E_USER_NOTICE); }
$this->_numChannels = (int)$numChannels;
$this->setAudioFormat() // implicit setAudioSubFormat(), setFactChunkSize(), setFmtExtendedSize(), setFmtChunkSize(), setSize(), setActualSize(), setDataOffset() ->setByteRate() ->setBlockAlign(); // implicit setNumBlocks()
return $this; }
public function getChannelMask() { return $this->_channelMask; }
public function setChannelMask($channelMask = self::SPEAKER_DEFAULT) { if ($channelMask != 0) { // count number of set bits - Hamming weight $c = (int)$channelMask; $n = 0; while ($c > 0) { $n += $c & 1; $c >>= 1; } if ($n != $this->_numChannels || (((int)$channelMask | self::SPEAKER_ALL) != self::SPEAKER_ALL)) { throw new WavFileException('Invalid channel mask. The number of channels does not match the number of locations in the mask.'); } }
$this->_channelMask = (int)$channelMask;
$this->setAudioFormat(); // implicit setAudioSubFormat(), setFactChunkSize(), setFmtExtendedSize(), setFmtChunkSize(), setSize(), setActualSize(), setDataOffset()
return $this; }
public function getSampleRate() { return $this->_sampleRate; }
public function setSampleRate($sampleRate) { if ($sampleRate < 1 || $sampleRate > self::MAX_SAMPLERATE) { throw new WavFileException('Invalid sample rate.'); } elseif ($this->_samples !== '') { trigger_error('Wav already has sample data. Changing the sample rate does not convert the data and may yield undesired results.', E_USER_NOTICE); }
$this->_sampleRate = (int)$sampleRate;
$this->setByteRate();
return $this; }
public function getBitsPerSample() { return $this->_bitsPerSample; }
public function setBitsPerSample($bitsPerSample) { if (!in_array($bitsPerSample, array(8, 16, 24, 32))) { throw new WavFileException('Unsupported bits per sample. Only 8, 16, 24 and 32 bits are supported.'); } elseif ($this->_samples !== '') { trigger_error('Wav already has sample data. Changing the bits per sample does not convert and may corrupt the data.', E_USER_NOTICE); }
$this->_bitsPerSample = (int)$bitsPerSample;
$this->setValidBitsPerSample() // implicit setAudioFormat(), setAudioSubFormat(), setFmtChunkSize(), setFactChunkSize(), setSize(), setActualSize(), setDataOffset() ->setByteRate() ->setBlockAlign(); // implicit setNumBlocks()
return $this; }
public function getValidBitsPerSample() { return $this->_validBitsPerSample; }
protected function setValidBitsPerSample($validBitsPerSample = null) { if (is_null($validBitsPerSample)) { $this->_validBitsPerSample = $this->_bitsPerSample; } else { if ($validBitsPerSample < 1 || $validBitsPerSample > $this->_bitsPerSample) { throw new WavFileException('ValidBitsPerSample cannot be greater than BitsPerSample.'); } $this->_validBitsPerSample = (int)$validBitsPerSample; }
$this->setAudioFormat(); // implicit setAudioSubFormat(), setFactChunkSize(), setFmtExtendedSize(), setFmtChunkSize(), setSize(), setActualSize(), setDataOffset()
return $this; }
public function getBlockAlign() { return $this->_blockAlign; }
/** @param int $blockAlign */ protected function setBlockAlign($blockAlign = null) { if (is_null($blockAlign)) { $this->_blockAlign = $this->_numChannels * $this->_bitsPerSample / 8; } else { $this->_blockAlign = $blockAlign; }
$this->setNumBlocks();
return $this; }
public function getNumBlocks() { return $this->_numBlocks; }
/** @param int $numBlocks */ protected function setNumBlocks($numBlocks = null) { if (is_null($numBlocks)) { $this->_numBlocks = (int)($this->_dataSize / $this->_blockAlign); // do not count incomplete sample blocks } else { $this->_numBlocks = $numBlocks; }
return $this; }
public function getByteRate() { return $this->_byteRate; }
/** @param int $byteRate */ protected function setByteRate($byteRate = null) { if (is_null($byteRate)) { $this->_byteRate = $this->_sampleRate * $this->_numChannels * $this->_bitsPerSample / 8; } else { $this->_byteRate = $byteRate; }
return $this; }
public function getIgnoreChunkSizes() { return $this->_ignoreChunkSizes; }
public function setIgnoreChunkSizes($ignoreChunkSizes) { $this->_ignoreChunkSizes = (bool)$ignoreChunkSizes; return $this; }
public function getSamples() { return $this->_samples; }
public function setSamples(&$samples = '') { if (strlen($samples) % $this->_blockAlign != 0) { throw new WavFileException('Incorrect samples size. Has to be a multiple of BlockAlign.'); }
$this->_samples = $samples;
$this->setDataSize(); // implicit setSize(), setActualSize(), setNumBlocks()
return $this; }
/*%******************************************************************************************%*/ // Getters
public function getMinAmplitude() { if ($this->_bitsPerSample == 8) { return 0; } elseif ($this->_bitsPerSample == 32) { return -1.0; } else { return -(1 << ($this->_bitsPerSample - 1)); } }
public function getZeroAmplitude() { if ($this->_bitsPerSample == 8) { return 0x80; } elseif ($this->_bitsPerSample == 32) { return 0.0; } else { return 0; } }
public function getMaxAmplitude() { if($this->_bitsPerSample == 8) { return 0xFF; } elseif($this->_bitsPerSample == 32) { return 1.0; } else { return (1 << ($this->_bitsPerSample - 1)) - 1; } }
/*%******************************************************************************************%*/ // Wave file methods
/** * Construct a wav header from this object. Includes "fact" chunk if necessary. * http://www-mmsp.ece.mcgill.ca/documents/audioformats/wave/wave.html * * @return string The RIFF header data. */ public function makeHeader() { // reset and recalculate $this->setAudioFormat(); // implicit setAudioSubFormat(), setFactChunkSize(), setFmtExtendedSize(), setFmtChunkSize(), setSize(), setActualSize(), setDataOffset() $this->setNumBlocks();
// RIFF header $header = pack('N', 0x52494646); // ChunkID - "RIFF" $header .= pack('V', $this->getChunkSize()); // ChunkSize $header .= pack('N', 0x57415645); // Format - "WAVE"
// "fmt " subchunk $header .= pack('N', 0x666d7420); // SubchunkID - "fmt " $header .= pack('V', $this->getFmtChunkSize()); // SubchunkSize $header .= pack('v', $this->getAudioFormat()); // AudioFormat $header .= pack('v', $this->getNumChannels()); // NumChannels $header .= pack('V', $this->getSampleRate()); // SampleRate $header .= pack('V', $this->getByteRate()); // ByteRate $header .= pack('v', $this->getBlockAlign()); // BlockAlign $header .= pack('v', $this->getBitsPerSample()); // BitsPerSample if($this->getFmtExtendedSize() == 24) { $header .= pack('v', 22); // extension size = 24 bytes, cbSize: 24 - 2 = 22 bytes $header .= pack('v', $this->getValidBitsPerSample()); // ValidBitsPerSample $header .= pack('V', $this->getChannelMask()); // ChannelMask $header .= pack('H32', $this->getAudioSubFormat()); // SubFormat } elseif ($this->getFmtExtendedSize() == 2) { $header .= pack('v', 0); // extension size = 2 bytes, cbSize: 2 - 2 = 0 bytes }
// "fact" subchunk if ($this->getFactChunkSize() == 4) { $header .= pack('N', 0x66616374); // SubchunkID - "fact" $header .= pack('V', 4); // SubchunkSize $header .= pack('V', $this->getNumBlocks()); // SampleLength (per channel) }
return $header; }
/** * Construct wav DATA chunk. * * @return string The DATA header and chunk. */ public function getDataSubchunk() { // check preconditions if (!$this->_dataSize_valid) { $this->setDataSize(); // implicit setSize(), setActualSize(), setNumBlocks() }
// create subchunk return pack('N', 0x64617461) . // SubchunkID - "data" pack('V', $this->getDataSize()) . // SubchunkSize $this->_samples . // Subchunk data ($this->getDataSize() & 1 ? chr(0) : ''); // padding byte }
/** * Save the wav data to a file. * * @param string $filename (Required) The file path to save the wav to. * @throws WavFileException */ public function save($filename) { $fp = @fopen($filename, 'w+b'); if (!is_resource($fp)) { throw new WavFileException('Failed to open "' . $filename . '" for writing.'); }
fwrite($fp, $this->makeHeader()); fwrite($fp, $this->getDataSubchunk()); fclose($fp);
return $this; }
/** * Reads a wav header and data from a file. * * @param string $filename (Required) The path to the wav file to read. * @param bool $readData (Optional) If true, also read the data chunk. * @throws WavFormatException * @throws WavFileException */ public function openWav($filename, $readData = true) { // check preconditions if (!file_exists($filename)) { throw new WavFileException('Failed to open "' . $filename . '". File not found.'); } elseif (!is_readable($filename)) { throw new WavFileException('Failed to open "' . $filename . '". File is not readable.'); } elseif (is_resource($this->_fp)) { $this->closeWav(); }
// open the file $this->_fp = @fopen($filename, 'rb'); if (!is_resource($this->_fp)) { throw new WavFileException('Failed to open "' . $filename . '".'); }
// read the file return $this->readWav($readData); }
/** * Close a with openWav() previously opened wav file or free the buffer of setWavData(). * Not necessary if the data has been read (readData = true) already. */ public function closeWav() { if (is_resource($this->_fp)) fclose($this->_fp);
return $this; }
/** * Set the wav file data and properties from a wav file in a string. * * @param string $data (Required) The wav file data. Passed by reference. * @param bool $free (Optional) True to free the passed $data after copying. * @throws WavFormatException * @throws WavFileException */ public function setWavData(&$data, $free = true) { // check preconditions if (is_resource($this->_fp)) $this->closeWav();
// open temporary stream in memory $this->_fp = @fopen('php://memory', 'w+b'); if (!is_resource($this->_fp)) { throw new WavFileException('Failed to open memory stream to write wav data. Use openWav() instead.'); }
// prepare stream fwrite($this->_fp, $data); rewind($this->_fp);
// free the passed data if ($free) $data = null;
// read the stream like a file return $this->readWav(true); }
/** * Read wav file from a stream. * * @param bool $readData (Optional) If true, also read the data chunk. * @throws WavFormatException * @throws WavFileException */ protected function readWav($readData = true) { if (!is_resource($this->_fp)) { throw new WavFileException('No wav file open. Use openWav() first.'); }
try { $this->readWavHeader(); } catch (WavFileException $ex) { $this->closeWav(); throw $ex; }
if ($readData) return $this->readWavData();
return $this; }
/** * Parse a wav header. * http://www-mmsp.ece.mcgill.ca/documents/audioformats/wave/wave.html * * @throws WavFormatException * @throws WavFileException */ protected function readWavHeader() { if (!is_resource($this->_fp)) { throw new WavFileException('No wav file open. Use openWav() first.'); }
// get actual file size $stat = fstat($this->_fp); $actualSize = $stat['size'];
$this->_actualSize = $actualSize;
// read the common header $header = fread($this->_fp, 36); // minimum size of the wav header if (strlen($header) < 36) { throw new WavFormatException('Not wav format. Header too short.', 1); }
// check "RIFF" header $RIFF = unpack('NChunkID/VChunkSize/NFormat', $header);
if ($RIFF['ChunkID'] != 0x52494646) { // "RIFF" throw new WavFormatException('Not wav format. "RIFF" signature missing.', 2); }
if ($this->getIgnoreChunkSizes()) { $RIFF['ChunkSize'] = $actualSize - 8; } else if ($actualSize - 8 < $RIFF['ChunkSize']) { trigger_error('"RIFF" chunk size does not match actual file size. Found ' . $RIFF['ChunkSize'] . ', expected ' . ($actualSize - 8) . '.', E_USER_NOTICE); $RIFF['ChunkSize'] = $actualSize - 8; }
if ($RIFF['Format'] != 0x57415645) { // "WAVE" throw new WavFormatException('Not wav format. "RIFF" chunk format is not "WAVE".', 4); }
$this->_chunkSize = $RIFF['ChunkSize'];
// check common "fmt " subchunk $fmt = unpack('NSubchunkID/VSubchunkSize/vAudioFormat/vNumChannels/' .'VSampleRate/VByteRate/vBlockAlign/vBitsPerSample', substr($header, 12));
if ($fmt['SubchunkID'] != 0x666d7420) { // "fmt " throw new WavFormatException('Bad wav header. Expected "fmt " subchunk.', 11); }
if ($fmt['SubchunkSize'] < 16) { throw new WavFormatException('Bad "fmt " subchunk size.', 12); }
if ( $fmt['AudioFormat'] != self::WAVE_FORMAT_PCM && $fmt['AudioFormat'] != self::WAVE_FORMAT_IEEE_FLOAT && $fmt['AudioFormat'] != self::WAVE_FORMAT_EXTENSIBLE) { throw new WavFormatException('Unsupported audio format. Only PCM or IEEE FLOAT (EXTENSIBLE) audio is supported.', 13); }
if ($fmt['NumChannels'] < 1 || $fmt['NumChannels'] > self::MAX_CHANNEL) { throw new WavFormatException('Invalid number of channels in "fmt " subchunk.', 14); }
if ($fmt['SampleRate'] < 1 || $fmt['SampleRate'] > self::MAX_SAMPLERATE) { throw new WavFormatException('Invalid sample rate in "fmt " subchunk.', 15); }
if ( ($fmt['AudioFormat'] == self::WAVE_FORMAT_PCM && !in_array($fmt['BitsPerSample'], array(8, 16, 24))) || ($fmt['AudioFormat'] == self::WAVE_FORMAT_IEEE_FLOAT && $fmt['BitsPerSample'] != 32) || ($fmt['AudioFormat'] == self::WAVE_FORMAT_EXTENSIBLE && !in_array($fmt['BitsPerSample'], array(8, 16, 24, 32)))) { throw new WavFormatException('Only 8, 16 and 24-bit PCM and 32-bit IEEE FLOAT (EXTENSIBLE) audio is supported.', 16); }
$blockAlign = $fmt['NumChannels'] * $fmt['BitsPerSample'] / 8; if ($blockAlign != $fmt['BlockAlign']) { trigger_error('Invalid block align in "fmt " subchunk. Found ' . $fmt['BlockAlign'] . ', expected ' . $blockAlign . '.', E_USER_NOTICE); $fmt['BlockAlign'] = $blockAlign; }
$byteRate = $fmt['SampleRate'] * $blockAlign; if ($byteRate != $fmt['ByteRate']) { trigger_error('Invalid average byte rate in "fmt " subchunk. Found ' . $fmt['ByteRate'] . ', expected ' . $byteRate . '.', E_USER_NOTICE); $fmt['ByteRate'] = $byteRate; }
$this->_fmtChunkSize = $fmt['SubchunkSize']; $this->_audioFormat = $fmt['AudioFormat']; $this->_numChannels = $fmt['NumChannels']; $this->_sampleRate = $fmt['SampleRate']; $this->_byteRate = $fmt['ByteRate']; $this->_blockAlign = $fmt['BlockAlign']; $this->_bitsPerSample = $fmt['BitsPerSample'];
// read extended "fmt " subchunk data $extendedFmt = ''; if ($fmt['SubchunkSize'] > 16) { // possibly handle malformed subchunk without a padding byte $extendedFmt = fread($this->_fp, $fmt['SubchunkSize'] - 16 + ($fmt['SubchunkSize'] & 1)); // also read padding byte if (strlen($extendedFmt) < $fmt['SubchunkSize'] - 16) { throw new WavFormatException('Not wav format. Header too short.', 1); } }
// check extended "fmt " for EXTENSIBLE Audio Format if ($fmt['AudioFormat'] == self::WAVE_FORMAT_EXTENSIBLE) { if (strlen($extendedFmt) < 24) { throw new WavFormatException('Invalid EXTENSIBLE "fmt " subchunk size. Found ' . $fmt['SubchunkSize'] . ', expected at least 40.', 19); }
$extensibleFmt = unpack('vSize/vValidBitsPerSample/VChannelMask/H32SubFormat', substr($extendedFmt, 0, 24));
if ( $extensibleFmt['SubFormat'] != self::WAVE_SUBFORMAT_PCM && $extensibleFmt['SubFormat'] != self::WAVE_SUBFORMAT_IEEE_FLOAT) { throw new WavFormatException('Unsupported audio format. Only PCM or IEEE FLOAT (EXTENSIBLE) audio is supported.', 13); }
if ( ($extensibleFmt['SubFormat'] == self::WAVE_SUBFORMAT_PCM && !in_array($fmt['BitsPerSample'], array(8, 16, 24))) || ($extensibleFmt['SubFormat'] == self::WAVE_SUBFORMAT_IEEE_FLOAT && $fmt['BitsPerSample'] != 32)) { throw new WavFormatException('Only 8, 16 and 24-bit PCM and 32-bit IEEE FLOAT (EXTENSIBLE) audio is supported.', 16); }
if ($extensibleFmt['Size'] != 22) { trigger_error('Invaid extension size in EXTENSIBLE "fmt " subchunk.', E_USER_NOTICE); $extensibleFmt['Size'] = 22; }
if ($extensibleFmt['ValidBitsPerSample'] != $fmt['BitsPerSample']) { trigger_error('Invaid or unsupported valid bits per sample in EXTENSIBLE "fmt " subchunk.', E_USER_NOTICE); $extensibleFmt['ValidBitsPerSample'] = $fmt['BitsPerSample']; }
if ($extensibleFmt['ChannelMask'] != 0) { // count number of set bits - Hamming weight $c = (int)$extensibleFmt['ChannelMask']; $n = 0; while ($c > 0) { $n += $c & 1; $c >>= 1; } if ($n != $fmt['NumChannels'] || (((int)$extensibleFmt['ChannelMask'] | self::SPEAKER_ALL) != self::SPEAKER_ALL)) { trigger_error('Invalid channel mask in EXTENSIBLE "fmt " subchunk. The number of channels does not match the number of locations in the mask.', E_USER_NOTICE); $extensibleFmt['ChannelMask'] = 0; } }
$this->_fmtExtendedSize = strlen($extendedFmt); $this->_validBitsPerSample = $extensibleFmt['ValidBitsPerSample']; $this->_channelMask = $extensibleFmt['ChannelMask']; $this->_audioSubFormat = $extensibleFmt['SubFormat'];
} else { $this->_fmtExtendedSize = strlen($extendedFmt); $this->_validBitsPerSample = $fmt['BitsPerSample']; $this->_channelMask = 0; $this->_audioSubFormat = null; }
// read additional subchunks until "data" subchunk is found $factSubchunk = array(); $dataSubchunk = array();
while (!feof($this->_fp)) { $subchunkHeader = fread($this->_fp, 8); if (strlen($subchunkHeader) < 8) { throw new WavFormatException('Missing "data" subchunk.', 101); }
$subchunk = unpack('NSubchunkID/VSubchunkSize', $subchunkHeader);
if ($subchunk['SubchunkID'] == 0x66616374) { // "fact" // possibly handle malformed subchunk without a padding byte $subchunkData = fread($this->_fp, $subchunk['SubchunkSize'] + ($subchunk['SubchunkSize'] & 1)); // also read padding byte if (strlen($subchunkData) < 4) { throw new WavFormatException('Invalid "fact" subchunk.', 102); }
$factParams = unpack('VSampleLength', substr($subchunkData, 0, 4)); $factSubchunk = array_merge($subchunk, $factParams);
} elseif ($subchunk['SubchunkID'] == 0x64617461) { // "data" $dataSubchunk = $subchunk;
break;
} elseif ($subchunk['SubchunkID'] == 0x7761766C) { // "wavl" throw new WavFormatException('Wave List Chunk ("wavl" subchunk) is not supported.', 106); } else { // skip all other (unknown) subchunks // possibly handle malformed subchunk without a padding byte if ( $subchunk['SubchunkSize'] < 0 || fseek($this->_fp, $subchunk['SubchunkSize'] + ($subchunk['SubchunkSize'] & 1), SEEK_CUR) !== 0) { // also skip padding byte throw new WavFormatException('Invalid subchunk (0x' . dechex($subchunk['SubchunkID']) . ') encountered.', 103); } } }
if (empty($dataSubchunk)) { throw new WavFormatException('Missing "data" subchunk.', 101); }
// check "data" subchunk $dataOffset = ftell($this->_fp); if ($this->getIgnoreChunkSizes()) { $dataSubchunk['SubchunkSize'] = $actualSize - $dataOffset; } elseif ($dataSubchunk['SubchunkSize'] < 0 || $actualSize - $dataOffset < $dataSubchunk['SubchunkSize']) { trigger_error("Invalid \"data\" subchunk size (found {$dataSubchunk['SubchunkSize']}.", E_USER_NOTICE); $dataSubchunk['SubchunkSize'] = $actualSize - $dataOffset; }
$this->_dataOffset = $dataOffset; $this->_dataSize = $dataSubchunk['SubchunkSize']; $this->_dataSize_fp = $dataSubchunk['SubchunkSize']; $this->_dataSize_valid = false; $this->_samples = '';
// check "fact" subchunk $numBlocks = (int)($dataSubchunk['SubchunkSize'] / $fmt['BlockAlign']);
if (empty($factSubchunk)) { // construct fake "fact" subchunk $factSubchunk = array('SubchunkSize' => 0, 'SampleLength' => $numBlocks); }
if ($factSubchunk['SampleLength'] != $numBlocks) { trigger_error('Invalid sample length in "fact" subchunk.', E_USER_NOTICE); $factSubchunk['SampleLength'] = $numBlocks; }
$this->_factChunkSize = $factSubchunk['SubchunkSize']; $this->_numBlocks = $factSubchunk['SampleLength'];
return $this;
}
/** * Read the wav data from the file into the buffer. * * @param int $dataOffset (Optional) The byte offset to skip before starting to read. Must be a multiple of BlockAlign. * @param int $dataSize (Optional) The size of the data to read in bytes. Must be a multiple of BlockAlign. Defaults to all data. * @throws WavFileException */ public function readWavData($dataOffset = 0, $dataSize = null) { // check preconditions if (!is_resource($this->_fp)) { throw new WavFileException('No wav file open. Use openWav() first.'); }
if ($dataOffset < 0 || $dataOffset % $this->getBlockAlign() > 0) { throw new WavFileException('Invalid data offset. Has to be a multiple of BlockAlign.'); }
if (is_null($dataSize)) { $dataSize = $this->_dataSize_fp - ($this->_dataSize_fp % $this->getBlockAlign()); // only read complete blocks } elseif ($dataSize < 0 || $dataSize % $this->getBlockAlign() > 0) { throw new WavFileException('Invalid data size to read. Has to be a multiple of BlockAlign.'); }
// skip offset if ($dataOffset > 0 && fseek($this->_fp, $dataOffset, SEEK_CUR) !== 0) { throw new WavFileException('Seeking to data offset failed.'); }
// read data $this->_samples .= fread($this->_fp, $dataSize); // allow appending $this->setDataSize(); // implicit setSize(), setActualSize(), setNumBlocks()
// close file or memory stream return $this->closeWav(); }
/*%******************************************************************************************%*/ // Sample manipulation methods
/** * Return a single sample block from the file. * * @param int $blockNum (Required) The sample block number. Zero based. * @return string|null The binary sample block (all channels). Returns null if the sample block number was out of range. */ public function getSampleBlock($blockNum) { // check preconditions if (!$this->_dataSize_valid) { $this->setDataSize(); // implicit setSize(), setActualSize(), setNumBlocks() }
$offset = $blockNum * $this->_blockAlign; if ($offset + $this->_blockAlign > $this->_dataSize || $offset < 0) { return null; }
// read data return substr($this->_samples, $offset, $this->_blockAlign); }
/** * Set a single sample block. <br /> * Allows to append a sample block. * * @param string $sampleBlock (Required) The binary sample block (all channels). * @param int $blockNum (Required) The sample block number. Zero based. * @throws WavFileException */ public function setSampleBlock($sampleBlock, $blockNum) { // check preconditions $blockAlign = $this->_blockAlign; if (!isset($sampleBlock[$blockAlign - 1]) || isset($sampleBlock[$blockAlign])) { // faster than: if (strlen($sampleBlock) != $blockAlign) throw new WavFileException('Incorrect sample block size. Got ' . strlen($sampleBlock) . ', expected ' . $blockAlign . '.'); }
if (!$this->_dataSize_valid) { $this->setDataSize(); // implicit setSize(), setActualSize(), setNumBlocks() }
$numBlocks = (int)($this->_dataSize / $blockAlign); $offset = $blockNum * $blockAlign; if ($blockNum > $numBlocks || $blockNum < 0) { // allow appending throw new WavFileException('Sample block number is out of range.'); }
// replace or append data if ($blockNum == $numBlocks) { // append $this->_samples .= $sampleBlock; $this->_dataSize += $blockAlign; $this->_chunkSize += $blockAlign; $this->_actualSize += $blockAlign; $this->_numBlocks++; } else { // replace for ($i = 0; $i < $blockAlign; ++$i) { $this->_samples[$offset + $i] = $sampleBlock[$i]; } }
return $this; }
/** * Get a float sample value for a specific sample block and channel number. * * @param int $blockNum (Required) The sample block number to fetch. Zero based. * @param int $channelNum (Required) The channel number within the sample block to fetch. First channel is 1. * @return float|null The float sample value. Returns null if the sample block number was out of range. * @throws WavFileException */ public function getSampleValue($blockNum, $channelNum) { // check preconditions if ($channelNum < 1 || $channelNum > $this->_numChannels) { throw new WavFileException('Channel number is out of range.'); }
if (!$this->_dataSize_valid) { $this->setDataSize(); // implicit setSize(), setActualSize(), setNumBlocks() }
$sampleBytes = $this->_bitsPerSample / 8; $offset = $blockNum * $this->_blockAlign + ($channelNum - 1) * $sampleBytes; if ($offset + $sampleBytes > $this->_dataSize || $offset < 0) { return null; }
// read binary value $sampleBinary = substr($this->_samples, $offset, $sampleBytes);
// convert binary to value switch ($this->_bitsPerSample) { case 8: // unsigned char return (float)((ord($sampleBinary) - 0x80) / 0x80);
case 16: // signed short, little endian $data = unpack('v', $sampleBinary); $sample = $data[1]; if ($sample >= 0x8000) { $sample -= 0x10000; } return (float)($sample / 0x8000);
case 24: // 3 byte packed signed integer, little endian $data = unpack('C3', $sampleBinary); $sample = $data[1] | ($data[2] << 8) | ($data[3] << 16); if ($sample >= 0x800000) { $sample -= 0x1000000; } return (float)($sample / 0x800000);
case 32: // 32-bit float $data = unpack('f', $sampleBinary); return (float)$data[1];
default: return null; } }
/** * Sets a float sample value for a specific sample block number and channel. <br /> * Converts float values to appropriate integer values and clips properly. <br /> * Allows to append samples (in order). * * @param float $sampleFloat (Required) The float sample value to set. Converts float values and clips if necessary. * @param int $blockNum (Required) The sample block number to set or append. Zero based. * @param int $channelNum (Required) The channel number within the sample block to set or append. First channel is 1. * @throws WavFileException */ public function setSampleValue($sampleFloat, $blockNum, $channelNum) { // check preconditions if ($channelNum < 1 || $channelNum > $this->_numChannels) { throw new WavFileException('Channel number is out of range.'); }
if (!$this->_dataSize_valid) { $this->setDataSize(); // implicit setSize(), setActualSize(), setNumBlocks() }
$dataSize = $this->_dataSize; $bitsPerSample = $this->_bitsPerSample; $sampleBytes = $bitsPerSample / 8; $offset = $blockNum * $this->_blockAlign + ($channelNum - 1) * $sampleBytes; if (($offset + $sampleBytes > $dataSize && $offset != $dataSize) || $offset < 0) { // allow appending throw new WavFileException('Sample block or channel number is out of range.'); }
// convert to value, quantize and clip if ($bitsPerSample == 32) { $sample = $sampleFloat < -1.0 ? -1.0 : ($sampleFloat > 1.0 ? 1.0 : $sampleFloat); } else { $p = 1 << ($bitsPerSample - 1); // 2 to the power of _bitsPerSample divided by 2
// project and quantize (round) float to integer values $sample = $sampleFloat < 0 ? (int)($sampleFloat * $p - 0.5) : (int)($sampleFloat * $p + 0.5);
// clip if necessary to [-$p, $p - 1] if ($sample < -$p) { $sample = -$p; } elseif ($sample > $p - 1) { $sample = $p - 1; } }
// convert to binary switch ($bitsPerSample) { case 8: // unsigned char $sampleBinary = chr($sample + 0x80); break;
case 16: // signed short, little endian if ($sample < 0) { $sample += 0x10000; } $sampleBinary = pack('v', $sample); break;
case 24: // 3 byte packed signed integer, little endian if ($sample < 0) { $sample += 0x1000000; } $sampleBinary = pack('C3', $sample & 0xff, ($sample >> 8) & 0xff, ($sample >> 16) & 0xff); break;
case 32: // 32-bit float $sampleBinary = pack('f', $sample); break;
default: $sampleBinary = null; $sampleBytes = 0; break; }
// replace or append data if ($offset == $dataSize) { // append $this->_samples .= $sampleBinary; $this->_dataSize += $sampleBytes; $this->_chunkSize += $sampleBytes; $this->_actualSize += $sampleBytes; $this->_numBlocks = (int)($this->_dataSize / $this->_blockAlign); } else { // replace for ($i = 0; $i < $sampleBytes; ++$i) { $this->_samples{$offset + $i} = $sampleBinary{$i}; } }
return $this; }
/*%******************************************************************************************%*/ // Audio processing methods
/** * Run samples through audio processing filters. * * <code> * $wav->filter( * array( * WavFile::FILTER_MIX => array( // Filter for mixing 2 WavFile instances. * 'wav' => $wav2, // (Required) The WavFile to mix into this WhavFile. If no optional arguments are given, can be passed without the array. * 'loop' => true, // (Optional) Loop the selected portion (with warping to the beginning at the end). * 'blockOffset' => 0, // (Optional) Block number to start mixing from. * 'numBlocks' => null // (Optional) Number of blocks to mix in or to select for looping. Defaults to the end or all data for looping. * ), * WavFile::FILTER_NORMALIZE => 0.6, // (Required) Normalization of (mixed) audio samples - see threshold parameter for normalizeSample(). * WavFile::FILTER_DEGRADE => 0.9 // (Required) Introduce random noise. The quality relative to the amplitude. 1 = no noise, 0 = max. noise. * WavFile::FILTER_VOLUME => 1.0 // (Required) Amplify or attenuate the audio signal. Beware of clipping when amplifying. Values range from >= 0 - <= 2. 1 = no change in volume; 0.5 = 50% reduction of volume; 1.5 = 150% increase in volume. * ), * 0, // (Optional) The block number of this WavFile to start with. * null // (Optional) The number of blocks to process. * ); * </code> * * @param array $filters (Required) An array of 1 or more audio processing filters. * @param int $blockOffset (Optional) The block number to start precessing from. * @param int $numBlocks (Optional) The maximum number of blocks to process. * @throws WavFileException */ public function filter($filters, $blockOffset = 0, $numBlocks = null) { // check preconditions $totalBlocks = $this->getNumBlocks(); $numChannels = $this->getNumChannels(); if (is_null($numBlocks)) $numBlocks = $totalBlocks - $blockOffset;
if (!is_array($filters) || empty($filters) || $blockOffset < 0 || $blockOffset > $totalBlocks || $numBlocks <= 0) { // nothing to do return $this; }
// check filtes $filter_mix = false; if (array_key_exists(self::FILTER_MIX, $filters)) { if (!is_array($filters[self::FILTER_MIX])) { // assume the 'wav' parameter $filters[self::FILTER_MIX] = array('wav' => $filters[self::FILTER_MIX]); }
$mix_wav = @$filters[self::FILTER_MIX]['wav']; if (!($mix_wav instanceof WavFile)) { throw new WavFileException("WavFile to mix is missing or invalid."); } elseif ($mix_wav->getSampleRate() != $this->getSampleRate()) { throw new WavFileException("Sample rate of WavFile to mix does not match."); } else if ($mix_wav->getNumChannels() != $this->getNumChannels()) { throw new WavFileException("Number of channels of WavFile to mix does not match."); }
$mix_loop = @$filters[self::FILTER_MIX]['loop']; if (is_null($mix_loop)) $mix_loop = false;
$mix_blockOffset = @$filters[self::FILTER_MIX]['blockOffset']; if (is_null($mix_blockOffset)) $mix_blockOffset = 0;
$mix_totalBlocks = $mix_wav->getNumBlocks(); $mix_numBlocks = @$filters[self::FILTER_MIX]['numBlocks']; if (is_null($mix_numBlocks)) $mix_numBlocks = $mix_loop ? $mix_totalBlocks : $mix_totalBlocks - $mix_blockOffset; $mix_maxBlock = min($mix_blockOffset + $mix_numBlocks, $mix_totalBlocks);
$filter_mix = true; }
$filter_normalize = false; if (array_key_exists(self::FILTER_NORMALIZE, $filters)) { $normalize_threshold = @$filters[self::FILTER_NORMALIZE];
if (!is_null($normalize_threshold) && abs($normalize_threshold) != 1) $filter_normalize = true; }
$filter_degrade = false; if (array_key_exists(self::FILTER_DEGRADE, $filters)) { $degrade_quality = @$filters[self::FILTER_DEGRADE]; if (is_null($degrade_quality)) $degrade_quality = 1;
if ($degrade_quality >= 0 && $degrade_quality < 1) $filter_degrade = true; }
$filter_vol = false; if (array_key_exists(self::FILTER_VOLUME, $filters)) { $volume_amount = @$filters[self::FILTER_VOLUME]; if (is_null($volume_amount)) $volume_amount = 1;
if ($volume_amount >= 0 && $volume_amount <= 2 && $volume_amount != 1.0) { $filter_vol = true; } }
// loop through all sample blocks for ($block = 0; $block < $numBlocks; ++$block) { // loop through all channels for ($channel = 1; $channel <= $numChannels; ++$channel) { // read current sample $currentBlock = $blockOffset + $block; $sampleFloat = $this->getSampleValue($currentBlock, $channel);
/************* MIX FILTER ***********************/ if ($filter_mix) { if ($mix_loop) { $mixBlock = ($mix_blockOffset + ($block % $mix_numBlocks)) % $mix_totalBlocks; } else { $mixBlock = $mix_blockOffset + $block; }
if ($mixBlock < $mix_maxBlock) { $sampleFloat += $mix_wav->getSampleValue($mixBlock, $channel); } }
/************* NORMALIZE FILTER *******************/ if ($filter_normalize) { $sampleFloat = $this->normalizeSample($sampleFloat, $normalize_threshold); }
/************* DEGRADE FILTER *******************/ if ($filter_degrade) { $sampleFloat += rand(1000000 * ($degrade_quality - 1), 1000000 * (1 - $degrade_quality)) / 1000000; }
/************* VOLUME FILTER *******************/ if ($filter_vol) { $sampleFloat *= $volume_amount; }
// write current sample $this->setSampleValue($sampleFloat, $currentBlock, $channel); } }
return $this; }
/** * Append a wav file to the current wav. <br /> * The wav files must have the same sample rate, number of bits per sample, and number of channels. * * @param WavFile $wav (Required) The wav file to append. * @throws WavFileException */ public function appendWav(WavFile $wav) { // basic checks if ($wav->getSampleRate() != $this->getSampleRate()) { throw new WavFileException("Sample rate for wav files do not match."); } else if ($wav->getBitsPerSample() != $this->getBitsPerSample()) { throw new WavFileException("Bits per sample for wav files do not match."); } else if ($wav->getNumChannels() != $this->getNumChannels()) { throw new WavFileException("Number of channels for wav files do not match."); }
$this->_samples .= $wav->_samples; $this->setDataSize(); // implicit setSize(), setActualSize(), setNumBlocks()
return $this; }
/** * Mix 2 wav files together. <br /> * Both wavs must have the same sample rate and same number of channels. * * @param WavFile $wav (Required) The WavFile to mix. * @param float $normalizeThreshold (Optional) See normalizeSample for an explanation. * @throws WavFileException */ public function mergeWav(WavFile $wav, $normalizeThreshold = null) { return $this->filter(array( WavFile::FILTER_MIX => $wav, WavFile::FILTER_NORMALIZE => $normalizeThreshold )); }
/** * Add silence to the wav file. * * @param float $duration (Optional) How many seconds of silence. If negative, add to the beginning of the file. Defaults to 1s. */ public function insertSilence($duration = 1.0) { $numSamples = (int)($this->getSampleRate() * abs($duration)); $numChannels = $this->getNumChannels();
$data = str_repeat(self::packSample($this->getZeroAmplitude(), $this->getBitsPerSample()), $numSamples * $numChannels); if ($duration >= 0) { $this->_samples .= $data; } else { $this->_samples = $data . $this->_samples; }
$this->setDataSize(); // implicit setSize(), setActualSize(), setNumBlocks()
return $this; }
/** * Degrade the quality of the wav file by introducing random noise. * * @param float quality (Optional) The quality relative to the amplitude. 1 = no noise, 0 = max. noise. */ public function degrade($quality = 1.0) { return $this->filter(array( self::FILTER_DEGRADE => $quality )); }
/** * Generate noise at the end of the wav for the specified duration and volume. * * @param float $duration (Optional) Number of seconds of noise to generate. * @param float $percent (Optional) The percentage of the maximum amplitude to use. 100 = full amplitude. */ public function generateNoise($duration = 1.0, $percent = 100) { $numChannels = $this->getNumChannels(); $numSamples = $this->getSampleRate() * $duration; $minAmp = $this->getMinAmplitude(); $maxAmp = $this->getMaxAmplitude(); $bitDepth = $this->getBitsPerSample();
for ($s = 0; $s < $numSamples; ++$s) { if ($bitDepth == 32) { $val = rand(-$percent * 10000, $percent * 10000) / 1000000; } else { $val = rand($minAmp, $maxAmp); $val = (int)($val * $percent / 100); }
$this->_samples .= str_repeat(self::packSample($val, $bitDepth), $numChannels); }
$this->setDataSize(); // implicit setSize(), setActualSize(), setNumBlocks()
return $this; }
/** * Convert sample data to different bits per sample. * * @param int $bitsPerSample (Required) The new number of bits per sample; * @throws WavFileException */ public function convertBitsPerSample($bitsPerSample) { if ($this->getBitsPerSample() == $bitsPerSample) { return $this; }
$tempWav = new WavFile($this->getNumChannels(), $this->getSampleRate(), $bitsPerSample); $tempWav->filter( array(self::FILTER_MIX => $this), 0, $this->getNumBlocks() );
$this->setSamples() // implicit setDataSize(), setSize(), setActualSize(), setNumBlocks() ->setBitsPerSample($bitsPerSample); // implicit setValidBitsPerSample(), setAudioFormat(), setAudioSubFormat(), setFmtChunkSize(), setFactChunkSize(), setSize(), setActualSize(), setDataOffset(), setByteRate(), setBlockAlign(), setNumBlocks() $this->_samples = $tempWav->_samples; $this->setDataSize(); // implicit setSize(), setActualSize(), setNumBlocks()
return $this; }
/*%******************************************************************************************%*/ // Miscellaneous methods
/** * Output information about the wav object. */ public function displayInfo() { $s = "File Size: %u\n" ."Chunk Size: %u\n" ."fmt Subchunk Size: %u\n" ."Extended fmt Size: %u\n" ."fact Subchunk Size: %u\n" ."Data Offset: %u\n" ."Data Size: %u\n" ."Audio Format: %s\n" ."Audio SubFormat: %s\n" ."Channels: %u\n" ."Channel Mask: 0x%s\n" ."Sample Rate: %u\n" ."Bits Per Sample: %u\n" ."Valid Bits Per Sample: %u\n" ."Sample Block Size: %u\n" ."Number of Sample Blocks: %u\n" ."Byte Rate: %uBps\n";
$s = sprintf($s, $this->getActualSize(), $this->getChunkSize(), $this->getFmtChunkSize(), $this->getFmtExtendedSize(), $this->getFactChunkSize(), $this->getDataOffset(), $this->getDataSize(), $this->getAudioFormat() == self::WAVE_FORMAT_PCM ? 'PCM' : ($this->getAudioFormat() == self::WAVE_FORMAT_IEEE_FLOAT ? 'IEEE FLOAT' : 'EXTENSIBLE'), $this->getAudioSubFormat() == self::WAVE_SUBFORMAT_PCM ? 'PCM' : 'IEEE FLOAT', $this->getNumChannels(), dechex($this->getChannelMask()), $this->getSampleRate(), $this->getBitsPerSample(), $this->getValidBitsPerSample(), $this->getBlockAlign(), $this->getNumBlocks(), $this->getByteRate());
if (php_sapi_name() == 'cli') { return $s; } else { return nl2br($s); } } }
/*%******************************************************************************************%*/ // Exceptions
/** * WavFileException indicates an illegal state or argument in this class. */ class WavFileException extends Exception {}
/** * WavFormatException indicates a malformed or unsupported wav file header. */ class WavFormatException extends WavFileException {}
|